The Squadron was formed on 19 November 1951 at RAF Yatesbury as a light anti-aircraft (LAA) unit equipped with Bofors L40/60 Guns. In December 1951 it moved to Al Hamra in Egypt and for the next 4 years mounted a number of detachments within the Canal Zone.

On 1 February 1956 the Squadron moved to Nicosia, Cyprus in April that year to take over the LAA defence of the airfield. In November 1960 the Squadron moved to RAF Akrotiri in the Western Sovereign Base Area of Cyprus. During the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, 34 Squadron, under the command of 3 Wing RAF Regiment, was on constant standby and manned its L40/60 gun positions for 4 months during the emergency.

In January 1975 the Squadron was re-roled as a Field Squadron for the first time in its history. In 1982/3 the Squadron was officially designated as a Light Armoured Squadron (LAS) with the introduction of CVR(T) vehicles. 1990 saw the Squadron brought to a full war footing following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. 34 Squadron was the first RAF Regiment field unit chosen to deploy to the Gulf area to provide ground defence and IS protection for RAF assets. The Squadron later returned to Cyprus where it secured RAF Akrotiri, the Forward Mounting Base for Op Granby.

In 1996 the Squadron returned to the United Kingdom after 40 consecutive years in Cyprus. Following a lengthy period of infantry-type training, the Squadron deployed to the Former Republic of Yugoslavia in January 1997 for 6 months to act as the Divisional Defence Company, with responsibility for defending the British-led Headquarters in Banja Luka, and the United Kingdom National Support Element at Split, Croatia.

In July 1997, the Squadron was relieved by 1 Sqn RAF Regiment and returned to RAF Leeming to continue its rapid deployment role. Since then it has been deployed to Kuwait rotating with the other Field Squadrons as part of Op Bolton.

The Sqn motto is:

"Feu De Fer" "Fire from Iron"